Which mechanism increases glucose secretion in urine?

Which mechanism increases glucose secretion in urine?

• A. Reduce hepatic glucose production
• B. Delay carb absorption
• C. Improve insulin secretion
• D. Increase glucose secretion in urine

Answer: (D)

The central idea is that glucose in urine happens when the kidneys can’t reabsorb all the glucose that’s filtered. Normally, the kidneys filter glucose and reabsorb nearly all of it in the proximal tubule using SGLT transporters. If blood glucose stays below the renal threshold (roughly around 180 mg/dL for many people), almost no glucose appears in urine. When plasma glucose rises above that threshold or the reabsorptive capacity is saturated, glucose spills into the urine (glucosuria). Saying the mechanism increases glucose secretion in urine directly captures this process: more glucose ends up being excreted because reabsorption can’t keep up. The other options would typically lower blood glucose and, as a result, reduce the amount filtered and excreted, not increase urinary glucose. In clinical practice, drugs that block reabsorption (like SGLT2 inhibitors) intentionally promote this glucosuria to help lower blood glucose.

The central idea is that glucose in urine happens when the kidneys can’t reabsorb all the glucose that’s filtered. Normally, the kidneys filter glucose and reabsorb nearly all of it in the proximal tubule using SGLT transporters. If blood glucose stays below the renal threshold (roughly around 180 mg/dL for many people), almost no glucose appears in urine. When plasma glucose rises above that threshold or the reabsorptive capacity is saturated, glucose spills into the urine (glucosuria). Saying the mechanism increases glucose secretion in urine directly captures this process: more glucose ends up being excreted because reabsorption can’t keep up. The other options would typically lower blood glucose and, as a result, reduce the amount filtered and excreted, not increase urinary glucose. In clinical practice, drugs that block reabsorption (like SGLT2 inhibitors) intentionally promote this glucosuria to help lower blood glucose.